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*Overview
-Acne is very common and they typically affect teenagers (13-20 years old) and young adults who undergo hormonal changes. Researchers suggest that acne affects almost everyone at some time during their lives.
-Acne usually appears on your face (chin, nose, forehead, cheeks), neck, back, chest, upper arms. It is small inflamed or discolored growth on the surface of our skin
-Acne does not affect your physical health, but it affects you psychologically and psychosocially. It is associated with depression, stress, anxiety, and negative thoughts
*Causes
-There are four main factors cause acne
+Excess oil production
+Hair follicles clogged by oil, dirt, and dead skin cells
+Bacteria
+Inflammation
-There are certain things that might trigger or worsen acne
+Hormonal changes: androgens and testosterone are hormones that increase significantly during puberty and cause the sebaceous glands to enlarge and produce more oil or sebum. Hormone will also change on female’s period days, pregnancy or after they give birth
+Diet: there are many studies suggesting that consuming certain foods may worsen acne
+Stress: stress could make your acne worse
*Symptoms
-Acne signs vary depending on the severity of our condition:
+Whiteheads: closed clogged pores
+Blackheads: open clogged pores
+Papules: small red bumps
+Pimples (pustules): papules with pus at their tips
+Nodules: large, painful lumps under the skin
+Cystic: painful, pus-filled lumps under the skin
*Risk factors
-Age: people at all ages can get acne, but it is common in teenagers and young adults
-Hormonal changes
-Family history: genetics plays a large role in acne
-Oily substances: you might develop acne if using skin products that include oil
-Pressure on the skin: items like cell phones, helmets, dirty pillowcase can cause acne
*Treatment
-Acne will clear away on it own, but there are some nonprescription medications can get rid of mild cases of acne like benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, salicylic acid
-You can see dermatologist for better medications, including antibiotics and oral hormone replacement
Basic Human Anatomy and Physiology 